China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues

29 September 2011

US Congress has long been concerned about whether policy advances the national interest in reducing the role of the China in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and missiles in the wake of the recent increasing trends in supplies from China, resulting in ambiguous technical aid, more indigenous capabilities, longer-range missiles, and secondary proliferation.

Currently, the recipients of China's nuclear and missile-related technology include Pakistan and countries said by the State Department to have supported terrorism.

This report, updated as warranted, discusses the security problem of China's role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the US policy response including legislation since the mid 1990s, and also summarises the US sanctions imposed or waived on People's Republic of China (PRC) entities or the PRC Government for weapons proliferation.

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